The lemon plant, scientifically known as Citrus limon, is a small, evergreen tree in the Rutaceae family, known for its edible, yellow, oval-shaped fruits. Lemon trees have a spreading, upright growth habit, with few large branches and thorns, and produce large, oblong or oval, light green leaves. They bear white, fragrant flowers in clusters. 

Here's a more detailed description:

Appearance:

Size: Lemon trees can grow to a height of 3-6 meters (10-20 feet). 

Leaves: They have large, oblong or oval, light green leaves with a slight reddish tint when young. 

Branches: The tree has few large branches and can have thorns at the axils of the leaves. 

Flowers: They produce white, fragrant flowers in axillary clusters or solitary. 

Fruit: The fruit is an ellipsoid berry, yellow when ripe, with a thick rind and a segmented, acid pulp. 

Growth Habits:

Evergreen:

Lemon plants are evergreen, meaning they retain their leaves throughout the year. 

Fruiting:

They bear fruit throughout the year, with the peak harvest often occurring in winter. 

Origin:

Lemon trees are believed to have originated in the eastern Himalaya region of India, according to PlantVillage. 

Other Notable Features:

Uses: Lemons are used for their juice, which is a rich source of vitamin C, and for culinary and non-culinary purposes.

Cultivation: Lemon trees are cultivated in many warm regions of the world.